exigua CBS 431_74 CBS Candida robustad

[anamorph] (Saccharomyces CP-690550 nmr cerevisiae [teleomorph]) INVSc1 BRL Male ward Room 3 Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 T THL Candida spp. Plant debris, soil, water, wood, textiles, food products, indoor and outdoor air Candidiasis with fungal infections of the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs [36, 37] Male ward Room 5 Agromyces rhizospherae HKI 302_DSM 14597 T HKJ Agromyces rhizospherae Plant debris, soil, wood, textiles, and indoor air environment TH-302 mouse Causes pneumonia, keratomycosis, pulmonary mycosis with sepsis eumycotic dermatitis, peritonitis, etc. [36, 37] Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 THL Male ward TB room Aureobasidium pullulans 16420 CBS Penicillium spp. Plant debris, soil, wood, food products, textiles, and indoor air environment Causes pneumonia, keratomycosis, peritonitis, etc. hypersensitivity pneumonitis, asthma, allergic alveolitis

[36, 37] Penicillium spp. IsolateS2 HED Candida orthopsilosis P3118_8_37 HAC Fungal spores usually accumulate when dust particles enter the patient room via personnel’s clothing. Another element that encourages the proliferation of airborne SHP099 supplier fungi can be moisture as fungi proliferates in moist environments [19]. In addition, medical interventions such as insertion of catheters, fluids and nutrients inhalation, and wounds, as well as prolonged hospitalisation, have been reported as possible causes of candidiasis leading to infections of the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs [38, 39]. Moreover, Metformin molecular weight Pfaller et al. [40] report that candidiasis is the most common cause of bloodstream infections, which are mostly acquired during the hospital stay. Studies done by

Miller and colleagues in 2001 showed that the cost of invasive candidiasis was approaching $1 billion per year [22, 41]. Various studies cited indicate that the spread of Candida takes place via the contact route; however, results from the current study indicate that a possibility exists that the spread of this fungus may also be via the aerial route. These results may have serious implications for health-care settings; however, future studies will have to be done to confirm the spread of this fungus via the aerial route. Air samples will have to be correlated with clinical samples in future studies. Furthermore these findings indicate a need to control hospital acquired pathogens especially if these pathogens may be airborne. In male ward Room 4, male ward TB room and the kitchen area, the yeast identified was Aureobasidium pullulans. A. pullulans is found in soil, water, air and limestone; it causes fungal infections that are more likely to occur in immuno-suppressed patients with symptoms such as pneumonia, asthma, dermatitis, keratitis and respiratory system irritation. The fungus has been implicated in an HAI case by Hermenides-Nijhof [42].