Results: The three most common causes of primary amenorrhea were Mullerian agenesis (39.7%), gonadal dysgenesis (35.3%), and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (9.2%). Amongst 88 cases of gonadal dysgenesis, 59 cases (67.0%) incurred abnormal
karyotype including 45X (n = 21), mosaic (n = 31), and others (n = 7).
Conclusions: The present study has currently been the largest case series of primary amenorrhea. Mullerian agenesis is the most prevalent cause in our study, while gonadal dysgenesis is the most common cause in the largest-scale study in the USA. Hence, racial, genetic and environmental factors could play roles in the cause of primary amenorrhea.”
“Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y selleck chemicals gastric bypass (RYGB) is an effective treatment for morbid obesity. Current average length of hospital stay (LOS) after RYGB is 2-3 days and 30-day readmission rate is 8-13 %. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of routine gastrostomy tube placement in perioperative outcomes of RYGB patients.
Between January 2008 and December 2010, a total of 840 patients underwent RYGB at our institution. All RYGB patients had gastrostomy tube placed, which was kept for 6 weeks. A retrospective review of a prospectively collected database was performed for all
RYGB patients, noting the outcomes and complications of the procedure.
Average LOS in our patient population was 1.1 days (range, 1-14 days), and 824 (98.3 %) patients were discharged on postoperative day 1. Readmissions within 30 days after the index RYGB was observed in 31 (3.7 %) patients. Reasons included abdominal pain (n = 14), nausea/vomiting this website (n = 6), gastrostomy tube-related complications (n = 5), chest pain (n = 3), allergic reaction (n = 1), urinary tract infection (n = 1), and dehydration (n = 1). Of these readmitted patients, nine (1.1 %) patients required reoperations due to small
bowel obstruction (n = 5), perforated anastomotic ulcer (n = 1), anastomotic leak (n = 1), subphrenic abscess (n = JNK activity inhibition 1), and appendicitis (n = 1).
Routine gastrostomy tube placement in the gastric remnant at the time of RYGB seems to have contributed to our short LOS and low 30-day readmission rate.”
“Purpose: To assess the use of prognostic factors and models in renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) and to gain insight in the motivations precluding prognosis estimation and the use of prognosticators.
Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was sent to 110 urologists involved in the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (CROES) Global Renal Mass Study. Frequencies were gathered using descriptive statistics.
Results: The majority of the 86 responders worked in a university hospital in Europe. Most of the urologists (97.7%) used the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification, and 44% performed prognosis estimations in all patients. The main reason not to estimate prognosis was lack of accuracy (20.9%) and of additional benefit (11.6%).