(C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“We reviewed the literature regarding the serum levels of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis with and without viral hepatitis.
Original articles published selleck compound up to January 2013 on adult patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis were
selected. These articles contained the words “”transaminases” “”aspartate aminotransferase” “”alanine aminotransferase” “”gamma glutamyl transferase,” “”liver enzymes”, AND “”dialysis” OR “”hemodialysis”.
A total of 823 articles were retrieved. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 49 articles were selected.
The patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis had reduced serum levels of aminotransferases due to hemodilution, lower pyridoxine levels, or elevated homocysteine levels. The chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis infected with the hepatitis C virus also had lower aminotransferase levels compared with the infected patients without chronic kidney disease. This reduction is in part due to decreased viremia caused by the dialysis method, the production of a hepatocyte growth factor and endogenous interferon-a, and lymphocyte activation, which decreases viral action on hepatocytes. Few studies were retrieved on gamma-glutamyl transferase serum levels; those found reported that there were no differences between the patients with or without www.selleckchem.com/products/Trichostatin-A.html chronic kidney disease.
The serum aminotransferase levels were lower in the patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis (with or without viral hepatitis) than in the patients with normal renal function; this reduction
has a multifactorial origin.”
“Analytical applications of chemiluminescence detection systems based on magnetic microparticles and nanoparticles (MMP-CL and MNP-CL) have attracted growing interest in research and commercial fields. This article reviews the literature on the analytical applications of MMP-CL and MNP-CL systems, illustrated by different reaction strategies, such as immunoassay and hybridization labels in diverse fields (e.g., clinical beta-catenin phosphorylation and pharmaceutical, environmental or food analysis). (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Gonadotropin therapy plays an integral role in ovarian stimulation for infertility treatments. Efforts have been made over the last century to improve gonadotropin preparations. Undoubtedly, current gonadotropins have better quality and safety profiles as well as clinical efficacy than earlier ones. A major achievement has been introducing recombinant technology in the manufacturing processes for follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and human chorionic gonadotropin.