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“In this paper, dynamics of asynchronous multiple-valued networks (AMVNs) are investigated based SB525334 in vivo on linear representation. By semitensor
product of matrices, we convert AMVNs into the discrete-time linear representation. A general formula to calculate all of network transition matrices of a specific AMVN is achieved. A necessary and sufficient algebraic criterion to determine whether a given state belongs to loose attractors of length s is proposed. Formulas for the numbers of attractors in AMVNs are provided. Finally, algorithms are presented to detect all of the attractors and basins. Examples are shown to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme.”
“Broad-Complex (BR-C) is an early ecdysone-responsive gene encoding a family of zinc-finger transcription factors. In this study, we isolated the full-length cDNA of a BR-C homolog from the testes of the oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense), according to established expressed sequence tag information, using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique. The homolog was designated
as MnBR-C. The full-length cDNA of MnBR-C contained a 1095-bp open reading frame encoding a precursor protein of 365 amino acid residues. Comparative and bioinformatic analyses β-Nicotinamide Others inhibitor revealed that MnBR-C exhibited a high degree of homology with BR-C proteins, and contained the BTB and Zf-H2C2-2 domains. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis revealed that the MnBR-C expression level varied significantly in the developing embryo, postembryonic larva, and adult tissue. Real-time qPCR showed that the MnBR-C gene was expressed in all of the tissues investigated, with the highest level of expression in the brain. In addition, MnBR-C was more abundantly expressed in the testes than in the ovaries.”
“Various deoxycholic acid (DOCA)-modified-carboxymethylated (CM)-curdlan (DCMC) were synthesized and characterized by FTIR,
H-1 NMR and XRD. The degree of DOCA substitution (DS), as spectrophotometrically GSK690693 price determined, was 2.1, 3.2, 4.1, or 6.3 DOCA groups per hundred sugar residues of CM-curdlan. The physicochemical properties of the self-assembled nanoparticals in aqueous media were investigated using H-1 NMR, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence spectroscopy. DCMC conjugates provided monodispersed self-assembled nanoparticles in water, with mean diameter decreasing from 192 to 347 nm with DOCA DS increasing. Moreover, the mean diameter also increased with decreasing pH in PBS. Zeta potential of DCMC self-assembled nanoparticles exhibited near -60 mV in distilled water and -26 to -36 mV in PBS, indicating these nanoparticles were covered with negatively charged CM-curdlan shells.