Thus, the aim of this study learn more was to analyze the association between BHR, FEV1, and all-cause mortality in a population-based cohort of adults. Methods. Within the cross-sectional survey ECRHS-I Erfurt (1990-1992), 1162 adults aged 20-65 years performed lung function tests, including spirometry and BHR testing by methacholine inhalation up to a cumulative dose of 2 mg. BHR was assessed from the methacholine dose nebulized at >= 20% fall of FEV1. After circa 20 years of follow-up, the association between baseline lung function, BHR, and mortality was investigated.

Results. A total of 85 individuals (7.3%) died during a mean follow-up period of 17.4 years (SD = 2.4). FEV1, but not forced vital capacity (FVC), was a predictor for mortality. In men, BHR increased the mortality risk (OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-5.3; adjusted for age and BMI). Additional adjustment for asthma did not change the results (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2-5.0). However, after an additional adjustment for pack years of cigarette smoking or airway obstruction, the association was not statistically significant anymore (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 0.8-4.0, OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 0.9-4.3, respectively). Conclusions. BHR was associated with an increased mortality AZD2014 nmr risk in men. Potential explanatory factors for this

association are cigarette smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or asthma. Thus, BHR might be an indirect predictor for all-cause mortality. FEV1 was an independent predictor for all-cause mortality.”
“Objectives: To present the demographic data, clinico-pathologic features and therapeutic outcome of a series of upper lip malignancies.

Study Design: Retrospective study at a single Cancer Institution

in Mexico City during a 14-year period.

Results: There were 59 cases, (30 males and 29 females); age range: 14 to 106 years (mean: 73 yr.). Antecedents of ultraviolet light and tobacco exposure were found in 20 (33.9%) and 16 cases (27%) respectively. There were 35 squamous cell carcinomas (59.3%), 19 basal cell carcinomas (32.2%) and one case each (1.7%) of adenocarcinoma NOS, adenoid cystic carcinoma, angiosarcoma, Merkel cell carcinoma and melanoma. There were 14 cases in stage I (23.7%), 14 in stage II (23.7%), 3 in stage III (5.1%) 14 in stage IV (23.7%) and 14 were not classified Combretastatin A4 mw (23.7%). There were no significant differences with respect to the overall survival curve and the disease-free survival curve among surgical treatment and radiotherapy. In addition, there was not statistically significant difference in the overall survival and disease-free survival among squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma cases with respect to the type of treatment.

Conclusions: Upper lip malignant neoplasms are infrequent lesions. The present series describes the main clinicopathological features in a hospital-based population in Mexico city and demonstrates some differences with respect to those found in the lower lip.